A refrigeration system that operates using the Peltier effect is known as what?

A refrigeration system that operates using the Peltier effect is referred to as a thermoelectric refrigeration system. The Peltier effect is a phenomenon where a voltage is applied across two different conducting materials, causing a temperature difference: one side cools down while the other heats up. This effect is utilized in thermoelectric coolers, allowing for solid-state temperature regulation without moving parts, which leads to quieter operation and greater reliability over time.

In contrast, vapor-compression systems rely on the phase change of refrigerants to transfer heat, while absorption refrigeration systems use a heat source to drive the cooling cycle involving absorption of refrigerants. The gas refrigeration cycle operates based on the principles of gas expansion and compression for cooling. Each of these alternatives does not employ the Peltier effect, making the thermoelectric refrigeration system the correct identification for a system using this principle.