What is the major concern with ammonia refrigerant?

The major concern with ammonia as a refrigerant is its toxicity and flammability. Ammonia is a colorless gas with a distinct odor, and while it is effective as a refrigerant due to its thermodynamic properties, it poses significant health risks in the event of a leak. Exposure to ammonia can lead to serious respiratory issues and other health complications, making it crucial for HVAC technicians and operators to handle it with caution and employ safety measures. Furthermore, while ammonia is less flammable compared to some other refrigerants, it can ignite under certain conditions, adding to the hazards associated with its use. Ensuring proper ventilation, leak detection systems, and personal protective equipment is essential when working with ammonia-based refrigeration systems to mitigate these risks.