What is the primary function of the condenser in a refrigeration system?

The primary function of the condenser in a refrigeration system is to cool the refrigerant and convert it to a liquid. In a refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant passes through the compressor, where it is pressurized and heated. Upon entering the condenser, the refrigerant releases its heat to the surrounding environment, typically through air or water, which facilitates the cooling process. As it loses heat, the refrigerant changes state from a gas to a liquid, making it ready to circulate through the expansion device and subsequently evaporate in the evaporator to absorb heat from the refrigerating space. This phase change is essential for the refrigeration cycle to function effectively, as it allows the system to transfer heat from a cooler area to a warmer area, thereby achieving the desired cooling effect.