What process describes the release of moisture by a substance in HVAC systems?

The correct answer refers to condensation, a process that occurs in HVAC systems when water vapor in the air changes into liquid water. This typically happens when warm, moist air comes into contact with a cooler surface, causing the air temperature to drop and the moisture it holds to condense into liquid form. In HVAC systems, condensation is crucial for removing humidity from the air, which contributes to comfort and efficient operation.

During this process, humidity levels are reduced, helping to maintain desired indoor air quality. In many HVAC applications, especially in air conditioning systems, the evaporator coils cool the air. As the air passes over these coils, the temperature drops, and moisture condenses out of the air and is collected, usually draining away from the system.

Understanding condensation is essential for HVAC technicians, as they must handle and maintain systems effectively to ensure optimal humidity control and to prevent issues such as mold growth, corrosion, and reduced efficiency.